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Arabah
The Arabah (, ''HaAravah'', lit. "desolate and dry area"; (アラビア語:وادي عربة), ''(unicode:Wādī ʻAraba)''), known in Hebrew as Aravah, is a geographic name used with two different meanings in antiquity and in modern times. The old meaning, which was in use up to the early 20th century, covered almost the entire length of what is today called the Jordan Rift Valley, running in a north-south orientation between the southern end of the Sea of Galilee and the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba at Aqaba/Eilat. This included the Jordan River Valley between Sea of Galilee and Dead Sea, the Dead Sea itself, and what is commonly called today the Wadi Arabah or Arava Valley. The modern use of the term is restricted to this southern section alone. In both cases, it forms part of the border between Israel to the west and Jordan to the east.
==Geography==
The southern stretch of the Arabah is in length from the Gulf of Aqaba to the southern shore of the Dead Sea. Topographically, the region is divided into three sections. From the Gulf of Aqaba northward, the land gradually rises over a distance of , and reaches a height of above sea level, which represents the watershed divide between the Dead Sea and the Red Sea. From this crest, the land slopes gently northward over the next to a point south of the Dead Sea. In the last section, the Arabah drops steeply to the Dead Sea, which is below sea level. The Arabah is scenic with colorful cliffs and sharp-topped mountains. The southern Arabah is hot and dry and virtually without rain.
There are numerous species of flora and fauna in the Aravah Valley.〔Henry Chichester Hart. 1891, ''Some account of the fauna and flora of Sinai, Petra, and Wâdy Arabah, 255 pages〕 Notably the Caracal, ''Caracal caracal'', is found on savannas of the valley.〔C. Michael Hogan. 2009. (''Caracal: Caracal caracal'', GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg )
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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